Keywords
anak usia dini
eksplorasi
aktivitas diluar ruangan
How to Cite
Abstract
Aktivitas di luar ruangan memberikan berbagai rangsangan sensorik dan melibatkan gerakan tubuh yang lebih aktif dibandingkan dengan aktivitas di dalam ruangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki efektivitas program bermain aktivitas di luar ruangan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan motorik pada anak kecil. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain one grup post pre-test. Populasi terdiri dari 25 siswa RA ICP Nurul Ulum Bojonegoro. Sampel diambil secara random sampling sebanyak 10 Siswa. Data akan dikumpulkan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menggunakan instrument Test of Gross Motor Development Edisi Kedua (TGMD-2) oleh Dale A. Ulrich, PhD. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS Versi 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program tersebut berhasil memperkuat keterampilan motorik anak pada usia dini dan kemajuan dalam program kegiatan di luar ruangan. Hasil pretest dan posttest menunjukkan bahwa intervensi atau pelatihan berdampak signifikan terhadap keterampilan gerakan dasar. Simpulan, kegiatan di luar ruangan memperkaya perkembangan anak-anak melalui program permainan sekolah yang berfokus pada keterampilan motorik, sosial, dan kreatif. Saran peneliti selanjutnya dapat mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan program aktivitas diluar ruangan dan memperluas metode penelitian yang digunakan.
References
Aliriad, H., Adi, S., Fahrudi, A., Apriyanto, R., & Da’i, M. (2023). Exploring the relationship between body mass index and physical fitness: Implications from a comprehensive study in a secondary school setting. Edu Sportivo Indonesian Journal of Physical Education, 4(2), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.25299/es:ijope.2023.vol4(2).12775
Aliriad, H., Adi, S., Manullang, J. G., Endrawan, I. B., & Satria, M. H. (2024). Improvement of Motor Skills and Motivation to Learn Physical Education Through the Use of Traditional Games. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 24(1), 32–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2024.1.04
Aliriad, H., Da’i, M., Adi, S., & Apriyanto, R. (2023). Strategi Peningkatan Motorik untuk Menstimulus Motorik Anak Usia Dini melalui Pendekatan Aktivitas Luar Ruangan. Jurnal Obsesi Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(4), 4609–4623. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i4.4149
Asrin, A. (2022). Metode Penelitian Eksperimen. Maqasiduna Journal of Education Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(01), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.59174/mqs.v2i01.24
Bossavit, B., & Arnedillo-Sánchez, I. (2023). Motion-based technology to support motor skills screening in developing children: A scoping review. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 240, 107715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107715
Bremer, E., & Lloyd, M. (2021). Baseline behaviour moderates movement skill intervention outcomes among young children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism, 25(7), 2025–2033. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613211009347
Capio, C. M., & Eguia, K. F. (2021). Movement skills, perception, and physical activity of young children: A mediation analysis. Pediatrics International, 63(4), 442–447. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14436
Cheung, W. C., Ostrosky, M. M., Favazza, P. C., Stalega, M., & Yang, H.-W. (2022). Exploring the Perspectives of Preschool Teachers on Implementing Structured Motor Programs in Inclusive Classrooms. Early Childhood Education Journal, 51(2), 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-021-01295-x
Crane, J. R., Foley, J. T., & Temple, V. A. (2023). The Influence of Perceptions of Competence on Motor Skills and Physical Activity in Middle Childhood: A Test of Mediation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(9), 5648. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20095648
Eddy, L. H., Preston, N., Boom, S., Davison, J., Brooks, R., Bingham, D. D., Mon-Williams, M., & Hill, L. J. B. (2024). The validity and reliability of school-based fundamental movement skills screening to identify children with motor difficulties. PLOS ONE, 19(2), e0297412. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297412
Gu, X., Tamplain, P. M., Chen, W., Zhang, T., Keller, M. J., & Wang, J. (2021). A Mediation Analysis of the Association between Fundamental Motor Skills and Physical Activity during Middle Childhood. Children, 8(2), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8020064
Hassan, M. A., Liu, W., McDonough, D. J., Su, X., & Gao, Z. (2022). Comparative Effectiveness of Physical Activity Intervention Programs on Motor Skills in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 11914. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911914
Hendker, A., & Eils, E. (2021). A Group-Based 8-Week Functional Interval-Type Outdoor Training Program Improves Physical Performance in Recreationally Active Adults. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, 627853. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.627853
Honrubia-Montesinos, C., Gil-Madrona, P., & Losada-Puente, L. (2021). Motor Development among Spanish Preschool Children. Children, 8(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8010041
Hu, J., Zhang, S., Ye, W., Zhu, Y., Zhou, H., Lu, L., Chen, Q., & Korivi, M. (2023). Influence of different caregiving styles on fundamental movement skills among children. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1232551. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1232551
Jeon, H., & Jun, S. (2021). Outdoor Playground Design Criteria Development for Early Childhood Development: A Delphi Study from the Perspective of Fundamental Movement Skills and Perceptual-Motor Skills. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 4159. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084159
Kavanagh, H., Issartel, J., Meegan, S., & Manninen, M. (2023). Exploring the motor skill proficiency barrier among children with intellectual disabilities: Analysis at a behavioural component level. PLOS ONE, 18(11), e0288413. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288413
Kavanagh, H., Manninen, M., & Issartel, J. (2023). Comparing the fundamental movement skill proficiency of children with intellectual disabilities and typically developing children: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 67(12), 1336–1353. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.13012
Kwon, H., & Maeng, H. (2022). The Impact of a Rater Training Program on the TGMD-3 Scoring Accuracy of Pre-Service Adapted Physical Education Teachers. Children, 9(6), 881. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9060881
Lawson, C., Eyre, E. L. J., Tallis, J., & Duncan, M. J. (2021). Fundamental Movement Skill Proficiency Among British Primary School Children: Analysis at a Behavioral Component Level. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 128(2), 625–648. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512521990330
Liu, C., Cao, Y., Zhang, Z., Gao, R., & Qu, G. (2023). Correlation of fundamental movement skills with health-related fitness elements in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1129258. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1129258
Ma, F.-F., & Luo, D.-M. (2023). Relationships between physical activity, fundamental motor skills, and body mass index in preschool children. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1094168. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1094168
Moss, S., Zhang, X., Tamplain, P., & Gu, X. (2023). Overweight/obesity and socio-demographic disparities in children’s motor and cognitive function. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1134647. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134647
Navarro-Patón, R., Brito-Ballester, J., Villa, S. P., Anaya, V., & Mecías-Calvo, M. (2021). Changes in Motor Competence after a Brief Physical Education Intervention Program in 4 and 5-Year-Old Preschool Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4988. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094988
Pawlowski, C. S., Madsen, C. D., Toftager, M., Amholt, T. T., & Schipperijn, J. (2023). The role of playgrounds in the development of children’s fundamental movement skills: A scoping review. PLOS ONE, 18(12), e0294296. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294296
Pitchford, E. A., Leung, W., & Webster, E. K. (2022). Associations of fundamental motor skill competence, isometric plank, and modified pull-ups in 5-year old children: An observational analysis of 2012 NHANES NYFS. PLOS ONE, 17(10), e0276842. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276842
Pratt, N. A., Duncan, M. J., & Oxford, S. W. (2023). The Effects of a 6-Week Swimming Intervention on Gross Motor Development in Primary School Children. Children, 11(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11010001
Satria, M. H., Aliriad, H., Kesumawati, S. A., Fahritsani, H., Endrawan, I. B., & Adi, S. (2023). Model Pengembangan Keterampilan Motorik My Home Environment terhadap Anak Disabilitas Intelektual. Jurnal Obsesi Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(2), 2336–2347. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i2.4415
Son, M., Lee, H., Lee, B.-S., Kim, E., Yun, H., Kim, S. J., Kim, J., Jin, S.-M., & Eun, S.-D. (2022). Effects of Resistance Circuit Training on Health-Related Physical Fitness in People With Paraplegia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 46(2), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.22012
Tahmasebi, F., Hatami, F., Mohammadi, M., & Ahmadi, G. (2023). Cross-Cultural Comparison of Fundamental Movement Skills of Children of Iranian Ethnicities. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 52(11), 2459–2466. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v52i11.14045
Webster, E. K., Sur, I., Stevens, A., & Robinson, L. E. (2021). Associations between body composition and fundamental motor skill competency in children. BMC Pediatrics, 21(1), 444. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02912-9
Wu, H., Eungpinichpong, W., Ruan, H., Zhang, X., & Dong, X. (2021). Relationship between motor fitness, fundamental movement skills, and quality of movement patterns in primary school children. PLOS ONE, 16(5), e0237760. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237760
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Hilmy Aliriad, Adi S, Deny Pradana Saputro, Donny Anhar Fahmi, Sigap Yogo Waskito